Some Notes:-
- Sub এর পর V2থাকলে past Indifinite হয়।
- Conditional sentense এ প্রথম অংশের পরের কমা(,) দিয়ে তাহলে বোঝায়।
- sub + had + V3 থাকলে Past Perfect হয়।
- Auxiliary Verb দারা শুরু হওয়া কোন sentense এ যদি Qustion Mark না থাকে তাহলে তা Conditional Sentence এবং Present Tense থাকলে 1st Conditional ; Past Indifinite থাকলে 2nd Conditional; Past Perfect Tense থাকলে 3rd Conditional হয়।
- If/Unless/As if/As though/Wish/Would that ইত্যাদির পর Past Indifinite tense এ was এর পরিবর্তে were বসে।
Rules:-
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Conditional Sentence হলে নিচের নিয়মে বাক্য গঠিত হবেঃ
- 1st Conditional: If/Unless + Present Tense + sub + can/may/will + v1+O.W.
- 2nd Conditional: If/Unless + Past Indifinite + sub + could/maight/would + v1+O.W.
- 3rd Conditional: If/Unless + Past Perfect Tense + sub + could/maight/would + have v3+O.W.
[ বিঃদ্রঃ Conditional sentence এ auxiliary verb এর পর প্রয়োজন হলে not ব্যবহার করা যায় ]
Example:
- If the man came to me,
I would help him.
-
Unless she had helped the boy, he would have fallen in danger
-
If I have the oppertunity,I will use this.
-
Were I a bird, I would fly in the sky
- Had I a lot of money,I would help the poor people.
- Since এর আগে সময় উল্লেখ থাকলে নিচের নিয়মে বাক্য গঠিত হবেঃ-
- Present tense + since + past indifinite
- Past Indifinite + since + past p.p
Example:
- It was 10 years since we had met last.
- 12 years have passed since I was in London.
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It is High time(এখনই উপযুক্ত সময়) থাকলে Past Indifinite tense বসে এবং It was high time থাকলে Past Perfect বসে।
[বিঃদ্রঃ High time এর পর To + V1 ও লেখা যায়]
Example:
-
It is high time we changed our bad habit.
-
It was high time you had played football
-
It is high time to visit Cox's Bazar.
- No sooner had থাকলে than + Past Indifinite tense বসে এবং Scarcely/Hardly থাকলে when + Past perfect tense বসে।
- No sooner had I reached the station then the train left.
- Scarcely had you attented the programme when it begin.
- As if/As though (যেন/এমনভাবে যেন) থাকলে নিচের নিয়মে বাক্য গঠিত হবেঃ-
- Present Tense + As if / As though + past indifinite.
- Past indifinite + As if / As though + past perfect.
Example:
- The girls speaks as if she were a queen.
- He pretended as though he had known everything.
- She behaved as though he had not known anything.
-
Too + adjective থাকলে adjective পর to + V1 + O.W. বসে।
Example:
- He was too weak to move.
- I am too hungry to tolerate.
- The load was to heavy to carry it.
-
So + adjective থাকলে adjective এর পর that + sub + can't/couldn't/mayn't/mightn't + V1 + O.W. বসে।
Example:
- The girl was so weak that she can't walk.
- I was so poor that i couldn't buy a car.
-
To/Inorder to এর পরে V1বসে এবং With a view to/Look forward to এর পরে V1+ing বসে।
Example:
- I came to him to to take (নিতে) a book from him.
- I am looking for a job with a view to maintaing my family.
-
So that/in order that এরপর sub + can/could + V1 + O.W বসে।
Example:
- He worked hard so that he could shine in life.
- I study hard in order that I can make a good result .
-
To ব্যাতীত সকল Preposition এর পর Verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয়।
Example:
- Inspite of having a lot of money, he is a miser(কৃপন).
- He took physics in lieu of(পরিবর্তে) taking chemistry.
- While থাকলে নিচের নিয়মে বাক্য গঠিত হয়ঃ-
- While + V1
+ ing
- While + past continuous
- While + past indifinite
[বিঃদ্রঃ While এর পর Subject থাকলে তাহলে অর্থ যখন আর Subject না থাকলে অর্থ সময়]
Example:
- I saw a snake while, I walking in the garden.
- While cooking, I went to my mother.
- While she was coming to me, I forbade her.
- wish/would that/if এর পর Past indifinite tense হয়।
Example:
- I wish I were a king.
- If I helped the poor.
- Lest (নতুবা) এর পর Subject + should/might + V1 + O.W. বসে।
Example:
- He walks fast lest he should miss the train.
- Check the beast in you lest you should be a beast
-
And/or/but/who/which/that(W.H. word)/though/although/till/untill/as/since/when/as soon as/as long as এর ক্ষেত্রে সাধারনত দুইটি clause হয় এবং clause দুইটি একই Tense এ লিখা ভালো।
Example:
- Though Bangladesh is a poor country, the people of this country live in peace.
- Wait here until I come back.
- Since the weather was cold, we didn't go out.
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Some English Proverb👇
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Uneasy lies the head that waers a crown - যে মাথায় মুকুট থাকে সে মাথা কখনো ঠান্ডা থাকে না।
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United We stand divided we fall - এক সাথে করি কাজ হারি জিতি নাহি লাজ।
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A bad workman quarrels with his tools - নাচতে না জানলে উঠান বাঁঁকা।
- Faults are thick where love is then - ভুলগুলোই বড় করে দেখা হয়।
- A stitch in time saves nine - সময়ের এক ফোঁঁড় আসময়ের দশ ফোঁঁড়।
- Time and tide wait for none - সময় এবং স্রোত কারো জন্য অপেক্ষা করে না।
- The waerer best knows where to show the pinches - যার জ্ঝালা সেই ভালো জানে।
- Man proposes ,God Disposes - মানুষ ভাবে এক,সৃষ্টিকর্তা পরিকল্পনা করে আরেক।
- None is none under the sun - এই পৃথিবিতে কেউ কারো না!
- Danger often comes when danger is feared - যেখানে বাঘের ভয় সেখানেই সন্ধ্যা হয়।
- God is forgotten when danger is gone - কাজের বেলায় কাজী কাজ ফোঁড়ালে পাজী।
- Strick the iron while it is hot - সুযোগের সৎ ব্যবহার
- Unity is strength - একতাই বল।
- What is sport to one is deth to another - কারো পৌষ মাস কারো সর্বনাশ।
- The more you read, the moreyou learn - যতই পড়িবে ততই শিখিবে।
- What is looted can't be blotted - ভাগ্যের লিখন যায় না খন্ডন।
